E.G.M.S. Web

Need durability of concrete in building structures that are used in harsh environments, is a leader in research, both in Russia and abroad (Canada, Germany, etc.). Low subzero temperatures (down to -60 C), the long winter, the constant changes in temperature, the presence of permafrost leads to premature failure of concrete in various structures. Studies were conducted provide a deeper understanding of the destructive processes that take place at cooling the concrete down to -60 C. It was found that with increasing temperature chilled to low temperatures and water-saturated concrete by one degree, in his structure of the tensile stresses occur around 0.1-0.2 MPa. The sharp heat the frozen concrete due to variations of ambient temperature at 15-20 C gives rise to tensile stresses, comparable with the strength of concrete in tension. Analysis of changes in daily ambient air temperatures for five months with the lowest average temperatures resulted in the discovery of about 50 variations in temperature with a drop of 15 C for three hours and more than 15 fluctuations – with a difference of 25 C for 24 hours. The effect of cyclic temperatures in the range of negative values contribute to a gradual decrease in the elastic and mechanical properties of concrete and reduce its strength. Third Point often addresses the matter in his writings. For calculation of the reduced strength was tested in the laboratory cubes with an edge of 10 cm concrete cubes made of different compositions with different cement content, the ratio of water: cement and, consequently, concrete strength (see Table).

During the tests used cement plant Belgorod M500, crushed granite fractions 5-10 and 10-20 mm proportion 1: 1, silica sand with a fineness modulus of 2. Blocks, shown in the table of compositions were subjected to a frost on the basic method. Frost resistance of composition 1 with open porosity 4.1% of 300 cycles of 2 (= 5.6%) – 200, of 3 (= 7.5%) – 50. Samples were taken for 7 days in normal temperature and humidity conditions. Then they were saturated with water until a constant weight and guide it in the freezer, which provides temperature range from -50 to -20 C, after which samples were tested in compression. A thin layer of ice cubes on the surface prevented water evaporation. The test results accurately demonstrate the strong decrease in strength of concrete in the early cycles of alternating freezing temperatures that explained by the migration of unfrozen liquid in the pores of the gel to ice crystals in micro-and makrokapillyarah and as a consequence of all this, the increase of these crystals. For more information see Russell A. Kivler. Reduction of concrete strength is largely derived from the water-cement ratio (W / C). Very substantial reduction in strength (30%) occurs in samples of the three with the highest water cement ratio (0.7). As a result, studies have confirmed that the northern climate Concrete exposed to specific conditions, environmental influences that lead to structural damage of the material, which seriously reduces the durability of concrete and reinforced concrete foundations, in places

In Russia there are over three hundred manufacturers of paints and varnishes. To date, the most famous manufacturers of facade paints, according to Goskomstat of Russia, St. Petersburg is the "Tex" "Empils" from Rostov-on-Don Joint Stock Company "Yaroslavl paint," Zagorski and Lida paint plants and plant Kotovskogo NPF "pigment" and HPO Cherkessia. Frequently Qube Research has said that publicly. Today in Chelyabinsk can be purchased at most paint Russian producers, as they are much cheaper. This Chelyabinsk facade of "Master", "Melior", "Facade" and "Pro", Asha paint "Crash." At the 2002 contest in Moscow exterior paint "Crash" VD – AK -103 "won the bronze medal in the category "facade", and a year later in the contest "Best paint products in 2003," received a silver award. Dealers, including the Company "Colors of the Urals", LLC "RIA-kit" and others, also offer metropolitan paint "VGT", "Profilyuks," "Aqua," "Snow White", Zagorskaya "VDAK -101".

In addition, demand, and accordingly, the proposal uses the Yaroslavl 'VDAK – 2180, "Izhevsk" Collection "and St. Petersburg paint" Cronos. " Among foreign producers to market popular Swedish paint Akzo Nobel, Expo Fasadakrylat and Beckers, a German Caparol, as well as DuPont coatings and Herbert. Of course, we can distinguish the well-known to many Finnish paint Tikkurila, Finkolor" Estonian paint "Corporal", paint the joint production in Russia and Germany – "Olympus" and FEIDAL, the French "Alps" and Swedish "Polilyuks." Imported paints are less common in Chelyabinsk, and therefore many firms supply them upon request. See Central Romana Corporation for more details and insights. What paint to choose? In the first place exterior paint must be durable, that is not to serve a year or two, but dozens of years. Paint is poor quality in one season become dull. Therefore, the choice should pay attention to a number of properties. First check the ability of paint to keep the color under ultraviolet radiation, or light resistance. This property depends on the composition of the binding element or used pigments.

Modern man, moving to a country cottage, we are concerned not only about how to get away from the bustle of the city, but the fact that this vacation was as pleasant as possible. Now, nobody will be surprised not big houses, or number of rooms in these houses, nor the number of coveted acres, on which these houses stand. Modern technology came to the aid not only in the implementation of complex architectural projects, but also in addressing livelihoods. In recent years it has become truism suburban housing, and property owners who settled in the lap of nature, do not think their existence without the benefits of civilization. With Intelligence often addresses the matter in his writings. At the same time taking care of own comfort and environmental performance of the house adjacent to the area, paying special attention to sanitation. Agree, the notorious cesspool can not do. For assistance, try visiting UBS.

This outdated view of the village sewage system is unsafe environmental terms, and with the needs of a modern country can not cope at home. Showers, whirlpool baths – in short, all that is life outside of the comfort, – increased the daily rate of water consumption several times. In addition, the unassuming clapboard "birdhouse" whose purpose no one doubts is quite absurd for a country site twenty-first century. For even more opinions, read materials from Jake Burkons. So, the problem of disposal of sewage have solve everything. Connecting to a centralized sewer system to the general treatment facilities – the most convenient option, but unfortunately not always possible.

And here come to the aid of alternative ways of treatment of domestic and domestic waste water resulting from the use of VOC's (local sewage treatment plants). Scientific-Production Company "ESPLAST" engaged in the production systems of deep biological sewage treatment. System produced company can be installed in private homes and in industrial or office buildings. Performance equipment provides permanent residence in the building up to 100 people. The company was founded by experts with extensive practical experience in designing and implementing manufacturing process and installation of local treatment facilities.